Assessing the construction of a Healthy City in China: a conceptual framework and evaluation index system.

OBJECTIVES: COVID-19 has brought challenges to the health of all mankind. It is particularly important to promote the construction of a 'Healthy China' and build a 'healthy community'. The aims of this study were to construct a reasonable conceptual framework for the Healthy City concept and to assess Healthy City construction in China. STUDY DESIGN: This study combined qualitative and quantitative research. METHODS: This study proposes the concept model of 'nature-human body-Healthy City' and accordingly constructs an evaluation index system for the construction of a Healthy City that integrates five dimensions, namely, the medical level, economic basis, cultural development, social services, and ecological environment to explore the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of Healthy City construction in China. Finally, the influencing factors of Healthy City construction patterns are explored using GeoDetector. RESULTS: (1) The pace of Healthy City construction is generally on the rise; (2) the construction of Healthy Cities exhibits significant global spatial autocorrelation and gradually increasing agglomeration. The spatial distribution of cold hotspot areas was relatively stable; (3) medical and health progress is an important factor; the level of economic development is the leading support; the endowment of resources and environment is the basic condition; public service support provides important support; and scientific and technological innovation capabilities provide technical support for the construction of a Healthy City. CONCLUSIONS: The spatial heterogeneity of Healthy City construction in China is evident, and the state of spatial distribution is relatively stable. The spatial pattern of Healthy City construction is shaped by a combination of factors. Our research will provide a scientific basis for promoting the construction of Healthy Cities and helping to implement the Health China Strategy.

Decline in Colorectal Cancer Screening Rates in Federally Qualified Health Centers in Los Angeles County From 2019 to 2020

Introduction: Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) are funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) to provide primary care services to low-income and underinsured individuals. Los Angeles County (LAC) is a large, diverse county with greater than 10.2 million residents and 8 distinct Service Planning Areas (SPAs) that represent specific geographic regions with variable resources. We aimed to describe colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates (CRCSR) and the screening rate change (SRCs) in LAC overall and for each SPA between 2019 and 2020 to determine where resources are most needed for CRCSR recovery following the COVID-19 pandemic. Method(s): Our data source was the Uniform Data System (UDS), which includes quality data for the FQHCs funded by HRSA. We determined 2019 and 2020 CRCSR for LAC FQHCs overall and for each FQHC, including average-risk patients age 50-74. We then separated FQHCs into quartiles based on SRC and performed mixed-effects logistic regression to determine FQHC-level characteristics associated with the largest decline in CRCSR from 2019 to 2020 (i.e., predictors of category SRC Q1). Lastly, we determined SRC for each SPA in LAC. Result(s): In 2019, there were 58 FQHCs in LAC with 326,473 patients eligible for CRC screening. In 2020, there were 59 FQHCs with 350,405 eligible patients. The median 2020 CRCSR in LAC FQHCs was 37.3%, down from 48.0% in 2019 (2020 median SRC= -9.6%) (Table). In the regression model among all LAC FQHCs, those with higher proportions of patients preferring a non-English language had significantly higher odds of having the largest decline in CRCSR from 2019 to 2020 (SRC Q1) (aOR=3.25, 95% CI=1.22-8.65;data not shown). CRCSR decreased from 2019 to 2020 in all SPAs with SRC ranging from -17.0% (South Bay) to -1.4% (West LA) (Figure). Conclusion(s): In Los Angeles County FQHCs, CRC screening rates were higher than the national FQHC average in 2019 however declined considerably between 2019 and 2020. The decline in CRC screening rates was highest in FQHCs serving a higher proportion of patients with a preference for a non-English language and varied by county region. Our findings highlight the need for targeted measures, including language-appropriate resources, to improve CRC screening uptake in FQHCs that provide care to some of the most historically marginalized individuals.

Application of ultrasound-guided peripheral arterial puncture in severe patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 under three-level protection

Objective To explore the application of ultrasound-guided arterial line placement in severe patients with COVID-19. Methods From February to April 2020, we retrospectively collected and analyzed the clinical data of critical patients with COVID-19 with an indwelling peripheral arterial catheter treated by the medical team of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Patients with ultrasound-guided peripheral arterial catheterization were taken as the study group, while patients whose arterial catheter was placed by traditional palpation were taken as the control group. The puncture condition and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 60 severe patients with COVID-19 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. There were 30 cases in the study group and 30 cases in the control group. In the study group, the success rate of the first catheterization of the peripheral artery (63.3% vs. 26.7%) and the total puncture success rate [(79.43+/- 25.79)% vs. (53.07+/-30.21)%] were higher than those in the control group (all P < 0.05), the puncture times(1.43+/-0.56 vs. 2.50+/-1.28) were less than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The rates of 24-hour disuse (6.7% vs. 30.0%), local hematoma (10.0% vs. 36.7%), occlusion, and tortuous (3.3% vs. 40.0%) in the study group were lower than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Under the three-level protection, ultrasound-guided arterial catheter placement for severe patients with COVID-19 can improve the success rate of catheter placement, reduce puncture times, and reduce the incidence of complications.Copyright © 2021, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All rights reserved.

Annual advances of acupuncture research in 2022

This article reviews the major advances in acupuncture research in 2022, including clinical reports, basic research, and reviews. In terms of the type of literature, most of them are systematic reviews and clinical trials, while high-quality basic studies can also be found. The innovative inventions and researches in this field are of increasing quality and in a wide range of fields, acupuncture is attracting more and more attention in the international arena. In particular, some acupuncture combined sensors such as H2 -EC/SD co-therapy, precise positioning, and vivo monitoring of neurotransmitter has been used for oncological diseases and neuropathic pain. Acupuncture has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of pain, stroke, psychiatric disorders, cancer, COVID-19 and others. Most of the studies show that acupuncture can play a positive role in various diseases and provide evidence for clinical applications and mechanism research.Copyright © 2023 By Author(s). Published by TMR Publishing Group Limited.

How Teaching Presence Facilitate Rural Teachers' Learning Engagement in MOOC for Teacher Education: The Mediating Effect of Learning Motivation

Under the dual influence of the rapid development of education informatization and the severe impact of COVID-19, online training has become a normal way of professional learning for teachers. Teaching presence and learning engagement, as important factors affecting learning effect, have received extensive attention from educational researchers and practitioners. Based on a teacher education MOOC, this study conducted a questionnaire survey on 169 rural teachers who participated in this MOOC, and explored the relationship and mechanism of teaching presence, learning motivation and learning engagement perceived by rural teachers. This study found that there was a significant positive correlation between teaching presence, learning motivation, and learning engagement, and learning motivation played a partial mediating role in teaching presence and learning engagement. In the following MOOCs for teacher education, MOOC designers should enhance the sense of teaching presence from three aspects: learning design, learning organization, and learning intervention, and stimulate the learning motivation of rural teachers, so as to achieve the occurrence of deep online learning for rural teachers. © 2022 ACM.

A Design of New Air Ground Cooperative Unmanned Transportation System

With the development of science and technology, the shortage of human resources in the labor market and the increase of human costs, intelligence, intelligence and unmanned logistics have become the mainstream development trend. This paper introduces a new type of space ground coordinated unmanned transportation system, which aims to solve the problems of liberating labor, reducing the operating costs of logistics enterprises, reducing the contact between people, and impeding the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic. This paper introduces the research background and advantages of the system, and describes the selection and working principle of the system in detail. © The 2023 International Conference on Artificial Life and Robotics (ICAROB2023).

Student Learning experience in a New education environment During the COVID-19 Pandemic

This paper presents results of a student survey carried out among Civil and Construction Engineering undergraduate students within the School of Engineering, Design, and Built Environment at Western Sydney University. The survey investigated the learning experience of students and the effectiveness of new educational processes implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed to examine the perceptions of students on online teaching modes. The survey results indicated some positive features of online teaching such as flexibility, comfortable educational environments, and efficient time utilisation. However, students also found many challenges such as network instability, distractions, lack of engagement, and mental stress. The identified areas of improvement were closely related to these challenges. The survey results highlighted that most students were satisfied with the teaching strategies and assessment methods. Improved and effective teaching methodologies for students to achieve better learning outcomes are proposed and discussed. © 2022 IGI Global. All rights reserved.

Substation Safety Awareness Intelligent Model: Fast Personal Protective Equipment Detection using GNN Approach

Federal regulations require employees to protect themselves from electrical hazards when working at substations. Such protections, commonly called personal protective equipment (PPE), vary with the hazard types and nature of exposure or delivery. Over the past decades, personal injuries and fatalities from electrical hazards have remained relatively common despite regular risk assessments and controls. One reason for this is that adequate PPE is not appropriately used. Easy-to-deploy strategies to detect proper use of PPE for electrical hazards are not available. Here, an intelligent detection model is developed to check whether PPE is appropriately worn or not;warning alarms would be triggered when the usage does not follow safety regulations. Arc-flash analysis is employed to determine a reasonable and safe PPE guideline. Eight types of PPE are considered, which cover the major PPE categories utilized in practice, including medical masks recommended for the Covid-19 pandemic. The model's framework utilizes a few-shot based graph neural network (GNN) technique to detect PPE. In contrast to prior data-driven models, only 50 images were collected for each PPE type, a relatively small number compared with state-of-the-art research. The proposed model was trained with diversified samples within multiple environments, resulting in a robust, efficient, intelligent detection model with probability of similarity in the range of 79%- 100%. To tackle the existing issues of computer-vision based PPE detection models, some technical suggestions on preserving personal privacy and PPE labels are provided. IEEE

TrajSGAN: A Semantic-Guiding Adversarial Network for Urban Trajectory Generation

Simulating human mobility contributes to city behavior discovery and decision-making. Although the sequence-based and image-based approaches have made impressive achievements, they still suffer from respective deficiencies such as omitting the depiction of spatial properties or ordinal dependency in trajectory. In this article, we take advantage of the above two paradigms and propose a semantic-guiding adversarial network (TrajSGAN) for generating human trajectories. Specifically, we first devise an attention-based generator to yield trajectory locations in a sequence-to-sequence manner. The encoded historical visits are queried with semantic knowledge (e.g., travel modes and trip purposes) and their important features are enhanced by the multihead attention mechanism. Then, we designate a rollout module to complete the unfinished trajectory sequence and transform it into an image that can depict its spatial structure. Finally, a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based discriminator signifies how “real”the trajectory image looks, and its output is regarded as a reward signal to update the generator by the policy gradient. Experimental results show that the proposed TrajSGAN model significantly outperforms the benchmarks under the MTL-Trajet mobility dataset, with the divergence of spatial-related metrics such as radius of gyration and travel distance reduced by 10%–27%. Furthermore, we apply the real and synthetic trajectories, respectively, to simulate the COVID-19 epidemic spreading under three preventive actions. The coefficient of determination metric between real and synthetic results achieves 91%–98%, indicating that the synthesized data from TrajSGAN can be leveraged to study the epidemic diffusion with an acceptable difference. All of these results verify the superiority and utility of our proposed method. IEEE

Fusion of Bilateral 2DPCA Information for Image Reconstruction and Recognition

Being an efficient image reconstruction and recognition algorithm, two-dimensional PCA (2DPCA) has an obvious disadvantage in that it treats the rows and columns of images unequally. To exploit the other lateral information of images, alternative 2DPCA (A2DPCA) and a series of bilateral 2DPCA algorithms have been proposed. This paper proposes a new algorithm named direct bilateral 2DPCA (DB2DPCA) by fusing bilateral information from images directly-that is, we concatenate the projection results of 2DPCA and A2DPCA together as the projection result of DB2DPCA and we average between the reconstruction results of 2DPCA and A2DPCA as the reconstruction result of DB2DPCA. The relationships between DB2DPCA and related algorithms are discussed under some extreme conditions when images are reshaped. To test the proposed algorithm, we conduct experiments of image reconstruction and recognition on two face databases, a handwritten character database and a palmprint database. The performances of different algorithms are evaluated by reconstruction errors and classification accuracies. Experimental results show that DB2DPCA generally outperforms competing algorithms both in image reconstruction and recognition. Additional experiments on reordered and reshaped databases further demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm. In conclusion, DB2DPCA is a rather simple but highly effective algorithm for image reconstruction and recognition.

Patient and provider experiences with virtual care during the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed methods study

The COVID-19 pandemic prompted the rapid uptake of Virtual Care (VC). Positive patient outcomes with VC are previously reported but little is known about the experiences of patients and providers using VC during the pandemic. We aimed to describe patient and primary care provider experiences, satisfaction, perceptions, and attitudes to VC during the COVID-19 pandemic that might explain adoption of VC across the continuum of care and inform sustained uptake. We conducted a sequential explanatory mixed methods study using online surveys and virtual interviews with a convenience sample of primary care providers and patients in a Canadian province (July – December 2020). Eligible participants included patients and primary care providers using VC during the COVID-19 pandemic. Survey responses and interviews were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis, respectively. Overall satisfaction was compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Eighty-five patients and 94 primary care providers responded to the surveys. Patients reported higher overall satisfaction with VC than primary care providers (median [interquartile range]: 4.4 [4.0-4.7] and 3.7 [3.4-3.9] p < 0.001). Ten patients and 11 primary care providers were interviewed. Both groups strongly appreciated VC’s increased access and convenience, identified the lack of compensation as a pre-pandemic barrier to providing VC, and reported willingness to continue VC post-COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity for patients and primary care providers to rapidly adopt VC with high satisfaction. Patients and primary care providers viewed VC positively due to its convenience and accessibility;both intend to continue using VC post-pandemic. © The Author(s), 2022.

Assessment of COVID-19 aerosol transmission in a university campus food environment a numerical method

With the prevalence of COVID-19, the phenomenon of viruses spreading through aerosols has become a focus of attention. Diners in university dining halls have a high risk of exposure to respiratory droplets from others without the protection of face masks, which greatly increases the risk of COVID-19 transmis-sion. Therefore, the transmission mechanism of respiratory droplets in extremely crowded dining envi-ronments should be investigated. In this study, a numerical simulation of coughing at dining tables under two conditions was performed, namely the presence and absence of protective partitions, and the evaporation and condensation of aerosol droplets in the air were examined. By using the numerical method, we analyzed and verified the isolation effect of dining table partitions in the propagation of aero-sol droplets. The effect of changes in room temperature on the diffusion of coughed aerosols when par-titions were present was analyzed. We demonstrated how respiratory droplets spread through coughing and how these droplets affect others. Finally, we proposed a design for a dining table partition that min-imizes the transmission of COVID-19.(c) 2021 China University of Geosciences (Beijing) and Peking University. Production and hosting by

China’s Development Plan for the Utilization of Foreign Capital during the 14th Five-Year Period: Prospects and Analysis

On October 22, 2021, the Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China (PRCpromulgated the Development Plan for the Utilization of Foreign Capital during the 14th Five-Year Period. The plan has attracted wide attention from investors and scholars at home and abroad. The global economic recovery is full of unpredictable challenges due to the spread of Covid-19, so absorbing foreign investment is critical to the economic developmenin most countries. The plan was based on the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Outline of Long-term Objectives for 2035. China is changing the direction of attracting investment from manufacturing industry to service industry. This article discusses China’s current utilization of foreign capital and analyzes the newly promulgated plan, including its key features, overall objectives, and basic tasks. It also examines the opportunities and challenges China faces in its future utilization of foreign capital. © 2022, Yijun Institute of International Law. All rights reserved.

Research on the Spread and Response Strategies of the New Crown Epidemic Based on Python Simulation Technology and SEIRS Model

Under such severe circumstances, accurately predicting the development trend of the epidemic is of great significance for subsequent intervention and control. This paper proposes an improved SEIRS dynamic model based on the infectious disease prediction model (SEIR model), which can accurately predict the development trend of the new coronavirus pneumonia. First, the Python simulation technology combined with the SEIRS model was used to predict the spread of Wuhan in the 40 days since the outbreak, and compared with the real data in Wuhan. After fully verifying the correctness and applicability of the model, the model was applied to Shanghai. Next, use Python simulation technology to predict the spread and end time of the epidemic in Shanghai, and set different control intensities by changing the parameter , and analyze the impact of different control start times and different control intensities on the new crown pneumonia epidemic. Finally, the experimental results are analyzed to propose corresponding epidemic prevention and control measures, and the model in this paper is extended to a wider range of application scenarios. © 2022 ACM.

An Online Multiobject Tracking Network for Autonomous Driving in Areas Facing Epidemic

Multi-object tracking is of great importance in autonomous driving. However, with the outbreak of COVID-19, multi-object tracking faces new challenges in areas gripped by epidemics because of complex motion blur, frequent occlusions, and appearance deformations. To reliably improve object trajectory association in epidemic-plagued areas, we propose a temporal-spatial aggregation embedding network (TSAEN) for multi-object tracking. Our embedding network contains a temporal-aware correlation module (TACM) and spatial-aggregate embedding module (SAEM) that can fully obtain and aggregate appearance clues related to moving objects in previous frames. The TACM learns the temporal homogeneity features of the current and previous frames to perceive features with correlated appearance cues. Then, the SAEM adjusts the spatial deformation for each perceived temporal homogeneity feature and aggregates them for re-ID embedding learning. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method is able to achieve excellent overall performance. IEEE

DECLINE IN COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING RATES IN FEDERALLY QUALIFIED HEALTH CENTERS IN THE UNITED STATES BETWEEN 2019 AND 2020

Introduction Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) varies significantly by sociodemographic factors. The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) provides primary care services, including CRC screening, to over 30 million medically underserved individuals at Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) in the United States (US). Given known disparities in CRC screening utilization and the national decline in screening due to the COVID- 19 pandemic, we aimed to determine the change in screening rates in FQHCs between 2019 and 2020 and factors associated with changes in rates. Methods This repeated cross-sectional analysis was conducted using 2019 and 2020 data from the Uniform Data System (UDS), which includes FQHC quality data for all US FQHCs. We ed CRC screening rates for each FQHC and for each state (FQHCs only) for patients age 50-75 for the years 2019 and 2020. We then calculated the change in screening (2020 rate minus 2019 rate) for each FQHC and for each state. To compare FQHC characteristics, we separated FQHCs into quartiles based on the 2020 screening rate and used ANOVA to compare FQHC characteristics between quartiles. Lastly, we performed a multivariable logistic regression to determine FQHC-level characteristics (2020 data) associated with an increase vs. decrease in screening rate from 2019 to 2020. Results In the 50 states, there were 1308 FQHCs and 7,132,411 FQHC patients eligible for CRC screening in 2020. Change in screening rates by state ranged from -11.1% (North Carolina) to +6.71% (Alaska) (mean= -3.55%) (Figure). The mean change in screening rates in FQHCs was -3.6% (range -62% to +58%) (Table). FQHCs with the lowest screening rates in 2020 (quartile 1, Table) had higher percentages of Black (p<0.001), male (p=0.018), homeless (p<0.001), uninsured (p<0.001), and low-income (p<0.001) patients, and were more likely to be in urban settings (p<0.001). FQHCs with the highest screening rates (quartile 4, Table) had a higher percentage of White (p<0.001) patients. When controlling for FQHC characteristics (including number of patients and 2019 CRC screening rate), each one point increase in the percentage of White patients served in a FQHC was associated with lower odds (aOR 0.71;95%CI=0.56-0.91) of experiencing a decrease in CRC screening rates in 2020 compared to 2019 (data not shown). Discussion FQHCs in the US have below-average CRC screening rates and saw notable declines in CRC screening utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic. Extent of decline varied broadly by state and FQHC, and declines were greater in FQHCs that served a higher proportion of (Figure Presented) Figure. Percent change in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rate among adults age 50 to 74 at Health Resources and Services Administration-funded FQHCs between 2019 and 2020, by US state. (Table Presented) Table. FQHC characteristics (2020 data) and CRC screening rates (2019 and 2020) for HRSA-funded FQHCs in the US overall and by 2020 CRC screening rate quartiles.

The link between genetic variation and variability in vaccine responses: a narrative review

Vaccines are one of the biggest successes in modern history and are particularly important in light of the multiple ongoing epidemics. Recently, vaccines have protected peoples' health and lives around the world during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Different types of vaccines have their own characteristics and advantages and are used in the context of different epidemics. Responses to vaccination are also different, and can include adverse reactions and absent responses. These individual differences are thought to be influenced by host genes. In this review, we first discuss vaccine types and characteristics. Second, we discuss different responses to vaccination, primarily focusing on the association between genetic variation and inter-individual differences.

Demo Abstract: A Sensorless Drone-based System for Mapping Indoor 3D Airflow Gradients

With the global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, ventilation indoors is becoming increasingly important in preventing the spread of airborne viruses. However, while sensors exist to measure wind speed and airflow gradients, they must be manually held by a human or an autonomous vehicle, robot, or drone that moves around the space to build an airflow map of the environment. In this demonstration, we present DAE, a novel drone-based system that can automatically navigate and estimate air flow in a space without the need of additional sensors attached onto the drone. DAE directly utilizes the flight controller data that all drones use to self-stabilize in the air to estimate airflow. DAE estimates airflow gradients in a room based on how the flight controller adjusts the motors on the drone to compensate external perturbations and air currents, without the need for attaching additional wind or airflow sensors. © 2022 Owner/Author.

Investigation and analysis of work situation of professional and technical personnel in Beijing Centers for Disease Prevention and Control during the COVID-19 epidemic

Objective To analyze the work situation of the personnel in Beijing Centers for Disease Prevention and Control during the novel coronavirns disease 2019 (C0VID-19) epidemic，and to provide references for improving the construction of the capital5 s disease control and prevention system. Methods Cross-sectional survey and cluster sanpling methods were used. A total of 422 municipal-level and 664 district-level professional technicians from CDCs who were mainly involved in epidemic prevention and control in Beijing were included in the study. Self-designed questionnaires were used to collect the basic information, work intensity and satisfaction and other data. The statistical description and test analysis were carried out. Results Among professionals, 64. 36% had nornal workload, and 76. 89% had overload during the epidemic prevention and control period. The proportion of disease control personnel expressing dissatisfaction "with the usual salary level "was 54. 51%, and the satisfaction with the professional title promotion w-as mostly at the average level (45. 58%). The proportions of satisfaction with the prevention and control work arrangements and logistical support during the COVID-19 epidemic were 49. 08% and 54. 42%, respectively. Only 21. 73% professionals were satisfied with the temporar w-ork subsidy. From the perspective of population distribution, staffs at the municipal and district levels and in different job positions were mainly dissatisfied with the salar level (all P<0. 05). Most of staffs who undertook different prevention and control responsibilities were satisfied with the work arrangements and logistics support (all P<0. 05), but they w-ere dissatisfied with the temporar work subsidies (H = 27. 076, P = 0. 012). Among the survey respondents, 44.48% had thoughts of resigning. Regardless of the municipal and district levels, different professional titles or positions, the wdllingness to resign was generally high (all P>0. 05). The primar reason for wanting to leave was the low salary level, followed by difficulty in promotion of professional titles and poor development prospects which were also major considerations. Conclusion It is suggested to improve the stability of CDCs staffs and promote the high-quality and sustainable development of the disease control and prevention system by improving the personnel allocation, strengthening the interdisciplinary talent reserve, improving the salary system and optimizing the professional title appointment mechanism.